Grit Chambers are huge deep tanks that are made on purpose to remove the grit (waste) materials like eggshells, bone chips, mug pieces, tea leaves, rags, ash, hairs, waste veggies, metal fragments, clinkers, coffee grounds, sand, etc.
Grit or waste removal from tanks is really essential otherwise the mud pumps will get choked by deposition. Without the removal of waste like inorganic materials can cause wear and tear on the whole grit chamber plant which will lead to a stop working of mechanical equipment too. For the first-rate working of plant equipment and pump parts, Grit chamber wastage elimination is indispensable.
There are 3 types of Grit Chambers
- Horizontal flow Grit Chambers
- Aerated Type Grit Chambers
- Vortex Grit Chambers
Horizontal flow Grit Chambers: It’s a certain kind of basin modelled along the sewer system. It is precisely planned in a manner to guarantee the flow charge reduction at a speed of 0.30m/s to 0.50m/s.
Aerated Type Grit Chambers: These types of chambers are rectangular in size. The working of these chambers is majorly based on air pressure as air is acquainted with one side of this rectangular tank for generating a spiral flow pattern. Further, this air goes in a perpendicular shape for a perfect flow in grit tanks.
Vortex Grit Chambers: Vortex grit chambers are tube-shaped tanks that create twister flow patterns so that the grit or waste can settle on the bottom of the grit chambers.
Explain the Working Methodology of Grit Chamber in Sewage Treatment Plant:
The chief or principal method of Grit chambers in sewage treatment plants is subjected to discrete the projected substantial inorganic materials from grit tanks. These grit chambers work to pass the lighter organic materials that can be decomposed. The methodology of Grit Chambers is prepared to separate heavy inorganic materials from lightweight organic lumps. Velocity plays a huge role in the function of the grit chamber in sewage and waste treatment plants. It manages that flow must not be too high and must not be too slow so that the inorganic substances will not mix with organic substances. Both will settle differently in different columns of the grit chambers. According to the velocity formula given by Shield: –
V = 3 to 4.5 (g (Ss – 1) d)1/2
Here the horizontal velocity of flow will be used as peak flows and the identical velocity will be held for all changes of flows.
Grit Chamber in Wastewater Treatment
Wastewater treatment covers many processes like smell controlling, screening, septage treatment, and flow charge of air levelling.
Screening is the first and foremost step that we use to remove all kinds of waste materials whether it is made of cloth, paper, plastic, or metal. We remove these grit items from the chamber so that these extracts will not create any stoppage in the wastewater treatment process. As these Greece or waste can also damage the equipment of the grit chamber as tap regulators, pipelines, pumps, holders, etc. Screening is basically a circular device that is used to hold all the fluctuating waste objects that can be found in wastewater.
Smell controlling: Odour is the second most important thing that is necessary to do for the treatment of wastewater. In grit chambers, we will put chemicals like chlorine and other antioxidants for the cleaning of water in terms of odour free.
Septage treatment: Septage treatment is basically done for the removal of septic and polluted oxidants. This treatment helps to eliminate the poisonous impurities from water. We use light and herbal chemicals that also helps against infection.
The flow of air: Pushing the right amount of air is very crucial. As if we don’t check the flow of air needed for the grit removal then a large amount of organic material will also get mixed with the grit. The perfect flow of air will throw the heavy dirt particles out of the water streamline.
Where Grit Chambers are Located?
Grit chambers are circular narrow tanks that are located in the primary sewage water treatment plants. These grit tanks are set or positioned for the selective removal of waste. Grit or dirt particle removal chambers are placed or located where the spiral flow of water drives the grit into an air diffuser assemblage. You can see the Grit chamber located in the below picture with further explanation of its working.
Advantages of Grit Chambers
- Grit chambers will prevent abnormal cuts on moving mechanical gear parts which save a lot of money
- Grit tanks help to stop the accumulation of heavy deposits in pipes and holders
- It reduces the high maintenance cost
- Help in preventing equipment from blockage
- Grit Chambers saves waste treatment cost
- Grit tanks are used as a standard extraction functioning for equalising the high or low pressure of airflow
- These chambers are easy in the usage i.e., adding chemicals and mixing.
- Grit Chambers also saves the cost of waste treatment by stopping hard materials
Disadvantages of Grit Chambers
- Dangerous odours and harmful chemicals for cleaning water will pollute the environment
- This method will consume more energy as compared to other methods and technologies of water treatment plants
- Sometimes these grit chambers release toxic organic matters that lead to many diseases
- The airing system of grit chambers in pipes will affect many human resources in a bad way
- The construction cost of making these grit chambers, pipes, holders and other channels is very high
- Regular maintenance is very necessary otherwise it leads to damage to parts
FAQ
How many types of Grit chambers are used for the treatment of waste or severe water? Mention their names.
There are 3 types of Grit chambers that can be used for the treatment of wastewater. They are Horizontal flow Grit Chambers, Aerated Type Grit Chambers and Vortex Grit Chambers etc.
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